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Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

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Old 05-17-16 | 09:02 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Originally Posted by Alan Smithee
Yep- I have Deadpool in front of me right now and it's dual-layer (of course I can't play the damn thing yet, but had to get my hands on one at least!) From some of the reviews I've read, it seems banding is still a problem- that's one of my biggest gripes about Blu-Rays right now, of course on "Digital HD" it's far worse.
Is that a problem for HDR TVs? This review seems to indicate it's free of banding:
https://www.avforums.com/review/dead...y-review.12618
We used a combination of the Samsung UBD-K8500 and Panasonic DMP-UB900 Ultra HD Blu-ray players, along with the Samsung UE55KS7500 TV and JVC DLA-X5000 projector for this review.....

The deliberately low-key photography means that there are limited chances for the HDR to deliver specular highlights but there is far greater shadow detail, which gives many scenes added depth. The use of 10-bit video means that the transfer is free of any banding, whilst the digital photography results in a clean and [artifact]-free image.
Old 05-18-16 | 03:48 AM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Originally Posted by Jay G.

The extra 8GB per layer is probably due to an incremental improvement of the pressing process.

As for seeing additional layers: probably not. Ever since dual-layer DVDs, we've been promised additional layers, with some people predicting dozens of layers. However, in practice, it gets exponentially more difficult for a drive to read the correct layer the more you have. It took near 2 decades to get us to 3 layers, so I wouldn't expect a 4 layer disc anytime soon.
Intriguing, and it begs the question: If 33 GB single-layer discs are being made now solely due to improvements in pressing process: Why can't I buy 33 GB BD-R blanks? Are they in fact made, and compatible with current BD burners and standalone players?

So, there must be some other incompatibility in addition, which makes 33 GB discs different from 25 GB BD-Rs.

Also, I must be misremembering, but I thought HD-DVDs could actually hold 30 GB? It must have been for dual-layer HD-DVDs, based on your above diagrams. Capacity of double-layer BDs being 50 GB of course.
Old 05-18-16 | 04:41 AM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Originally Posted by zyzzle
Intriguing, and it begs the question: If 33 GB single-layer discs are being made now solely due to improvements in pressing process: Why can't I buy 33 GB BD-R blanks?
Because that's not in the original Blu-ray spec. Search for BD-R XL, though. You have options.
Old 05-18-16 | 06:48 AM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Originally Posted by Adam Tyner
Because that's not in the original Blu-ray spec. Search for BD-R XL, though. You have options.
Yeah, I'm guessing the change in pit pattern size means drives have to be specifically configured to read the new discs.

Also, you can't get a 33GB BD-R XL, they seem to only come in 100GB triple-layer form:
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Produc...82E16817130265

Which makes sense: with 25GB and 50GB BD-R, the only reason a person would get a BD-R XL capable burner is for capacities above 50GB.
Old 05-18-16 | 06:51 AM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Originally Posted by zyzzle
Also, I must be misremembering, but I thought HD-DVDs could actually hold 30 GB? It must have been for dual-layer HD-DVDs, based on your above diagrams. Capacity of double-layer BDs being 50 GB of course.
Yes, HD DVD held 15GB per layer, with almost all discs being dual-layer 30GB out of the gate. This gave HD DVD a slight advantage over the single-layer 25GB Blu-rays initially, but once Blu-ray manufacturers had dual-layer figured out, the 50GB capacity blew HD DVD out of the water.
Old 05-18-16 | 10:37 AM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Originally Posted by Jay G.
Is that a problem for HDR TVs? This review seems to indicate it's free of banding:
https://www.avforums.com/review/dead...y-review.12618

How'd those guys get a Panasonic DMP-UB900 Ultra HD Blu-ray player? Regular folks can't get it yet.
Old 05-18-16 | 11:05 AM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Originally Posted by Why So Blu?
How'd those guys get a Panasonic DMP-UB900 Ultra HD Blu-ray player? Regular folks can't get it yet.
It's out in the UK, which their review of the player seems to indicate their model is:
https://www.avforums.com/review/pana...r-review.12538
https://www.amazon.co.uk/Panasonic-4...dp/B01CGC6JC2/
Old 05-18-16 | 04:06 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Originally Posted by Adam Tyner
Because that's not in the original Blu-ray spec. Search for BD-R XL, though. You have options.
My guess is that most, if not all existing BD players and drives could read the "out-of-spec" 33 GB discs, if it's only the pits and lands that have been slightly decreased in distance. Tolerances are known to be very conservative in "standards", so there's much more possibility in pushing the spec.

Anybody remember that with CDs, the original spec was 63 and 74 minute length, then later 80-min, and "out-of-spec" 90-minute and 99-minute CD-Rs?

I remember routinely burning 80 min CD-Rs to 100 minutes with great results in 95% of my standalone players... Used a Plextor drive, with "Gigarec" 1.2x and overburning as well.

I suppose a similar "tightening" of DVDs and BD-Rs *could* have occured, but nobody seems to have cared enough to implement it in firmware like Plextor and Yamaha did with their excellent CD-R burners.

33-GB is only ~32% more capacity per layer. With overburning and a 1.2x "Gigarec" setting, most existing drives could read these discs.
Old 05-18-16 | 04:38 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Originally Posted by Jay G.
It's out in the UK, which their review of the player seems to indicate their model is:
https://www.avforums.com/review/pana...r-review.12538
https://www.amazon.co.uk/Panasonic-4...dp/B01CGC6JC2/
Wow, and it's almost a grand if you convert the pound to dollars.
Old 05-18-16 | 05:11 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Originally Posted by zyzzle
My guess is that most, if not all existing BD players and drives could read the "out-of-spec" 33 GB discs, if it's only the pits and lands that have been slightly decreased in distance. Tolerances are known to be very conservative in "standards", so there's much more possibility in pushing the spec.

Anybody remember that with CDs, the original spec was 63 and 74 minute length, then later 80-min, and "out-of-spec" 90-minute and 99-minute CD-Rs?
For CD, they extended the playtime by reducing the "track pitch," or the distance between tracks.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_disc
CD data is represented as tiny indentations known as "pits", encoded in a spiral track moulded into the top of the polycarbonate layer. The areas between pits are known as "lands". Each pit is approximately 100 nm deep by 500 nm wide, and varies from 850 nm to 3.5 µm in length. The distance between the tracks, the pitch, is 1.6 µm...

A disc with data packed slightly more densely is tolerated by most players (though some old ones fail). Using a linear velocity of 1.2 m/s and a narrower track pitch of 1.5 µm increases the playing time to 80 minutes, and data capacity to 700 MiB.
Blu-ray already drastically reduced the track pitch though:
http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/blu-ray1.htm
The smaller beam focuses more precisely, enabling it to read information recorded in pits that are only 0.15 microns (µm) (1 micron = 10-6 meters) long -- this is more than twice as small as the pits on a DVD. Plus, Blu-ray has reduced the track pitch from 0.74 microns to 0.32 microns.
More info:


http://physics.fullerton.edu/files/L...DVD_or_Blu.pdf
Because of diffraction they can't make the 'grooves' [too] close together.
From what I can find, BDXL kept the track pitch the same, but reduced the minimum pit length. This required changing the "Signal quality evaluation index" process:
https://wikileaks.org/sony/docs/05/d...l_20121204.pdf
http://blu-raydisc.com/Assets/Downlo...ions-18326.pdf
In Blu-ray Disc™ Recordable Format (BDXL™) the capacity per layer is raised up to 33.4GB or 32.0GB only by increasing the linear density. As a result, in BDXL™, the Inter-Symbol-Interference (ISI) of the readout signal becomes much stronger compared to the prior format that allows just 25GB per layer. Therefore the readout signal processing needs to be improved. Also, the prior signal quality evaluation method using the Limit-Equalizer technology has turned out to be no longer applicable. Integrated-Maximum-Likelihood –Sequence-Error-Estimation (i-MLSE), which is an alternative signal quality evaluation method for BDXL™, was newly developed and retains the stability and the precision in such a severe ISI condition of BDXL™
I think this change wasn't the same as the CD expansion back in the day. It looks to me like existing drives would, at the least, require a firmware update to change their signal processing, if it's even possible.

I think for compatibility reasons, and the fact that UHD was going to require a new spec for the resolution and codec changes anyway, they decided to keep the BDXL disc spec separate as well, instead of trying to "improve" the BD disc spec and potentially breaking compatibility with thousands of existing players.
Old 05-18-16 | 07:21 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

I've never seen a CD that ran more than a few seconds over 80 minutes. I don't think even my CD burning software would let me make one that long. I remember always checking the running time of my CDs though trying to get the longest in existence- the 80-minute one was a Razormaid dance mix disc.
Old 05-18-16 | 07:47 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

I've just pulled out all the comments regarding title announcements and the discussions around them (it got a bit cluttered and scattershot) - this thread will remain but concentrate on the technology side of UHD
Old 05-18-16 | 07:50 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Originally Posted by Alan Smithee
I've never seen a CD that ran more than a few seconds over 80 minutes. I don't think even my CD burning software would let me make one that long. I remember always checking the running time of my CDs though trying to get the longest in existence- the 80-minute one was a Razormaid dance mix disc.
I have several factory-pressed CDs over 83 minutes in length. Mostly by Bear Family Records out of Germany. Not all CD players handle them. It is hit or miss if a specific player can play them.
Old 05-18-16 | 09:40 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Originally Posted by Alan Smithee
I've never seen a CD that ran more than a few seconds over 80 minutes. I don't think even my CD burning software would let me make one that long. I remember always checking the running time of my CDs though trying to get the longest in existence- the 80-minute one was a Razormaid dance mix disc.
There's a process called overburning that, from what I can tell, burns data into the "lead out" area of a CD-R, giving it a little extra space at the expense of compatibility.

There were also some 90/99 minute CD-R media. From what I can tell, they further reduced the track pitch to increase capacity, again, at the expense of compatibility.

For maximum storage, you could overburn a high capacity CD-R, but results varied depending on drive, media, and burning software. And of course, playback compatibility was compromised:

http://www.osta.org/technology/cdqa7.htm
http://www.infocellar.com/CD/overburn.htm
Old 05-18-16 | 11:22 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Originally Posted by Jay G.
There's a process called overburning that, from what I can tell, burns data into the "lead out" area of a CD-R, giving it a little extra space at the expense of compatibility.

There were also some 90/99 minute CD-R media. From what I can tell, they further reduced the track pitch to increase capacity, again, at the expense of compatibility.

For maximum storage, you could overburn a high capacity CD-R, but results varied depending on drive, media, and burning software. And of course, playback compatibility was compromised:

http://www.osta.org/technology/cdqa7.htm
http://www.infocellar.com/CD/overburn.htm
I still have some unused Comp-USA 99 minute CD-Rs. Back in the day, I could overburn these to 122 minutes and still be compatible with 5 out of my 6 standalone players. Once I tried and successfully burned one of these to 143 minutes, but it could only be played on 2 of my standalones... c1 / c2 errors through the roof, but it still plays today!

There was one drive which could burn 160 minutes of 16 bit / 44.1 khz stereo PCM audio on an 80 minute CD-R without compression, but by reducing the pitch length alone. I forget the brand or model, though.

Resuming normal discussion, exit stage right CD-Talk...
Old 05-20-16 | 09:28 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

128GB discs should be more common than 100GB discs?
Old 05-20-16 | 10:04 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Originally Posted by Ranger
128GB discs should be more common than 100GB discs?
According to page 32 of this white-paper, UHD Blu-ray only supports up to the triple-layer 100GB discs. Quad-layer 128GB discs aren't part of the spec:
http://www.blu-raydisc.com/Assets/Do...0817_clean.pdf

While Quad-layer 128GB discs were part of the earlier BDXL spec, I don't think any QL discs were ever released, pressed or recordable or otherwise. I think the scaling-back to TL max on UHD Blu-ray seems to indicate that QL is impractical.
Old 05-22-16 | 12:39 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Ah, thanks.

Will we get the THX logo with some 4K movies? Not sure I remember it being on blu-rays, maybe only a few.
Old 05-22-16 | 01:00 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Originally Posted by Ranger
Ah, thanks.

Will we get the THX logo with some 4K movies? Not sure I remember it being on blu-rays, maybe only a few.
THX costs money to license and I don't think the studios believe it sells additional copies anymore. It became virtually extinct on Blu-ray once sales growth vanished.
Old 06-12-16 | 03:22 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

This article was posted on the UHD Blu-ray Title announcements thread:
Originally Posted by gerrythedon
[/spoiler]

Paramount: A Laborious Process Behind UHD Blu-rays
The simple ways of delivering DVD just don’t apply with home entertainment’s newest format

http://www.broadcastingcable.com/new...lu-rays/156318

An interesting quote from the article:
As far as the discs themselves, every studio thus far has utilized the 66 GB versions of UHD Blu-ray, with 100 GB format not commercial just yet. That’s why Paramount’s UHD Blu-rays of the Star Trek films are mostly devoid of bonus features, with commentaries only.

“The reason we have enough room is because we’re not putting anything else on the disc, no special features. We’re not overloading it with 20 audio tracks. We’re keeping it like a domestic, movie-only release,” Hoxsie said. “And it’s more than enough for what we want to do right now. Two years from now, if we want to put UHD bonuses on these discs, the 100 GB will come into play. Or if one day we do a movie that’s three hours long, the 100 will do that. We’re fanatics with our bit rates, and I can say that both are sufficient, and hold enough to adapt the Atmos tracks.”
So it seems like, similar to how Blu-ray launched with pressed 2-layer discs not yet being ready for production, UHD Blu-ray has launched with 3-layer discs not yet ready for production.
Old 06-12-16 | 07:00 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

THX costs money to license and I don't think the studios believe it sells additional copies anymore.
Plus has been proven to be meaningless as an indication of quality. THX-certified VHS tapes were a REAL joke, as they did nothing to address the quality problems with that format.
Old 06-12-16 | 07:18 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Does being "THX certified" hold any value anymore? I don't even remember seeing the logo on any blus at all. I would think with the new audio formats, Atmos and DTS-X would have bigger weight than THX. And are there still any theaters these days that have and tout THX?
Old 06-12-16 | 08:54 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Originally Posted by trespoochies
Does being "THX certified" hold any value anymore? I don't even remember seeing the logo on any blus at all. I would think with the new audio formats, Atmos and DTS-X would have bigger weight than THX. And are there still any theaters these days that have and tout THX?
AFI Silver's three screens are THX certified, but I haven't seen any pre-film ads for it.
Old 06-12-16 | 09:47 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

The Star Wars Blu-rays have THX certification, perhaps unsurprisingly:
http://www.thx.com/consumer/home-ent...releases&pg=18

The UHD Alliance has the UHD Premium certification for UHDTVs:
http://www.cnet.com/news/what-is-uhd...ium-certified/
Old 06-14-16 | 02:23 PM
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Re: Let's talk about Ultra HD Blu-ray

Genuinely surprised this thread didn't get bumped with this news yesterday.

The cheapest UHD player is now the XBox One S at $299. Coming out in August. (EDIT: I guess only the 2TB comes out in August... the cheaper ones are later)


I guess there will be 500GB models (shown above) but also 1TB ($349) and 2TB ($399, same price as the Samsung UHD player).

all details here:
http://www.xbox.com/en-US/xbox-one-s


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