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Old 03-01-05, 09:19 AM
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WB - The New Criterion

One of my favorite sites has a great article today worth a read:

http://slate.com/id/2114143/

WB on DVD
Warner Bros. is the new Criterion Collection. How the DVD label cleaned up its act (and its digital transfers).
By Fred Kaplan
Posted Monday, Feb. 28, 2005, at 3:02 PM PT

Here's looking at a great new picture on DVDs

People don't pay much attention to the name of the studio on a DVD. (Nobody I know says, for instance, "Let's go rent a Paramount movie tonight.") The single exception, of course, is the Criterion Collection, which has marketed itself as a boutique brand, touted—and deservedly so—for its classic catalog, fastidious transfers, and superb commentaries, booklets, and other "special features."

Now it's time to take note of another logo that almost guarantees high quality—Warner Home Video. At least since 2002, the video division of Warner Bros. has released one great-looking DVD after another. I know of no other label, in fact, whose output has been more consistently spectacular.

Last year, its two-disc DVD of Casablanca was a revelation—more luminous than any print probably since the film's 1941 première. More recently, its box sets of film noir and gangster movies (including The Asphalt Jungle; Murder, My Sweet; Out of the Past, White Heat; and The Public Enemy) have been marvels of clarity. Its restorations of Technicolor classics—Singin' in the Rain, Meet Me in St. Louis, The Band Wagon, and Gone With the Wind—are breathtakingly lush and detailed: Look at the texture of clothing, the ripples of a curtain, the glistening steel of a railroad car—they're practically 3D. I saw The Band Wagon in a restored 35mm print not long ago, at Film Forum in New York, and this DVD suffers hardly at all by comparison. Modern films as well, like Warner's new two-disc "special edition" of Scorsese's Goodfellas, are saturated with rich, natural colors. (If you disagree, you need to calibrate your television or buy a new one.)

Nearly a decade into the DVD era, most studios have figured out how to do at least decent digital mastering. Few major-label DVDs these days look bad. What puts Warner Home Video a notch or two (or three) above the rest? I talked with George Feltenstein, senior vice president for Warner's classic catalog, and Ned Price, VP for technical mastering, as well as a few outside industry specialists. Here's what I found out.

First, the condition of Warner's film library is in relatively good shape. As a result of media meltdowns and mergers over the past half-century, Warner Bros. owns not only all the films made under its own studio logo but also all RKO titles and all MGM films made before 1986. (For details, click here.) In the 1960s, long before film preservation became a popular cause, MGM was one of two Hollywood studios—the other was Disney—that decided to preserve all its films. They spent millions of dollars to repair, properly store, and in some cases meticulously restore original negatives, black-and-white nitrates, or duplicate copies. As for Warner Bros.' own black-and-white classics, original nitrates were long ago donated to the Library of Congress or UCLA, which stored them in temperature-controlled rooms and left them, ever since, untouched. To the extent possible, Warner DVDs have been mastered from the original negatives, preventing degradation in detail, sharpness, color, and contrast.

Then there's Warner's work with Technicolor. Even with careful preservation, color negatives fade over time. But Technicolor negatives can look as good as new after decades. This is because Technicolor films consisted of three black-and-white negatives, which ran simultaneously through a special camera. Light hit each film strip through a prism filter. Afterward, each film strip was coated with a dye, and the three strips were then aligned, on top of one another, to form a coherent color image. It was a complex, costly process, which lasted only from 1935-54. (For a succinct detailed elaboration, click here.) The point is that black-and-white negatives don't fade. If the Technicolor black-and-white negatives have been stored well, and if some lab can replicate the Technicolor dye-processing, it should be possible to create a fresh print with perfect color.

This is why the DVDs of Gone With the Wind, The Band Wagon, Meet Me in St. Louis, and so forth look so stunning. They've been mastered from the original Technicolor three-strip negatives. In some ways, these DVDs have finer color and detail than even the original film prints. In the old days, it was difficult to align those three strips perfectly. The task became still harder years later, when the films were reissued (or turned into earlier DVD transfers), because the negatives had stretched or shrunk over time. If you need all three strips to get the right color, and you can't line the strips up precisely, then the colors and the sharpness are going to be a bit off. However, with digital technology, the three strips can be aligned with absolute precision. This process isn't unique to Warner—other studios made Technicolor films, too—but Warners is the first to go back to the three-strip negatives and realign them precisely as a systematic policy.

Another thing that makes the recent batch of Warner DVDs look so good: high-speed digital scanning. When a film is turned into a DVD, the first step is to scan each frame digitally and to store the data on a hard drive. The more times a frame is scanned, the more coherent is the resulting picture. Many DVD studios now scan films at "high-definition"—or 1,080 lines. Warners is one of just a few that scan at 2,000 lines (or, in the parlance, "2K scanning"). Soon, beginning with a Wizard of Oz reissue later this year, it will start releasing Technicolor DVDs scanned at 4,000 lines ("4K scanning"). This is a significant number. Engineers estimate that if you digitally reproduced all the information on a frame of 35mm film, you'd need about 4,000 lines of data. In other words, at least theoretically (and for more on this caveat, click here), 4K scanning captures everything that's on a film.

Finally, the new Warner DVDs tend to come in the form of two-disc sets—one disc for the movie, a second disc for the special features. (Gone With the Wind has four discs: two for the movie, two for special features.) This isn't just a packaging gimmick. Digital video, like digital audio, consists of a series of 0's and 1's, run through complex compressors, processors, and converters. You can only fit so many 0's and 1's—so many bytes and bits—on an optical disc. The more you load the disc with special features, the less space you have for the movie—or, more to the point, the fewer bits you can devote to each frame of a movie. The higher number of bits that go into an image, the better the image looks. So, the best way to present the movie is to put nothing on the disc except the movie. (Columbia TriStar started this practice with its SuperBit DVDs. A few other studios, not just Warners, have picked up on the idea.) A Web site called dvdbeaver.com has measured that the latest multi-disc Gone With the Wind has 55 percent more bits per second than a single-disc DVD that Warner released a few years ago.

But the true measure—besides whether the movie is good—is how good the movie looks. You can see the difference in the new Warner DVDs, and it isn't subtle.


Fred Kaplan, Slate's "War Stories" columnist, also writes about DVDs for the Perfect Vision and other publications.
Old 03-01-05, 09:23 AM
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Right, the "new" Criterion.

If so, where are the WB releases of M, Rules of the Game and Rashomon?
Old 03-01-05, 09:28 AM
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WB has a ton of snappers, full screen and single layer releases. That's not quality in my opinion. But I will say that the 2 disc editions are definitely a step in the right direction. And at least most of their discs are anamorphic. I have 3 that aren't.
Old 03-01-05, 09:28 AM
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As long as it encourages WB to upgrade more of their releases, BRAVO!
Old 03-01-05, 09:31 AM
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Certainly not the new Criterion, but Warner is getting higher marks from me for their recent 1 and 2 disc classics releases.
Old 03-01-05, 10:04 AM
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Warner's will only be like Criterion to me when they get over the stink they have with Ken Russell's "The Devils" and release a two disc complete with commentaries, the BBC documentary "Hell on Earth" and every sort of film-related material.
Old 03-01-05, 10:19 AM
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At least the title wasn't Columbia is the new Criterion Collection.



Old 03-01-05, 10:19 AM
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Originally Posted by digitalfreaknyc
WB has a ton of snappers, full screen and single layer releases. That's not quality in my opinion. But I will say that the 2 disc editions are definitely a step in the right direction. And at least most of their discs are anamorphic. I have 3 that aren't.
The point of the article is that Warner has 'CLEANED UP ITS ACT' and IMPROVED these last few years. He exactly right. Sure, they have all the stuff you mentioned, but notice that no DVDs get released anymore by Warner in snappers or in anything but OAR.
I do have to agree with 'the new criterion' to some extent. The price to quality ratio is much better with Warner. Sure, their DVDs generally aren't as high quality as Criterion, but they're a lot cheaper.
Old 03-01-05, 10:59 AM
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Originally Posted by wendersfan
Right, the "new" Criterion.

If so, where are the WB releases of M, Rules of the Game and Rashomon?
Are you saying movies like Citizen Kane, Casablanca, and Robin Hood don't match up in movie quality? Or do you mean transfer-wise there are no Warner dvds that compare to the three you listed? Or do you mean the quantity of quality releases?

I ain't frontin', I'm just curious.

Last edited by The Ferret; 03-01-05 at 11:03 AM.
Old 03-01-05, 11:09 AM
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Originally Posted by The Ferret
Are you saying movies like Citizen Kane, Casablanca, and Robin Hood don't match up in movie quality? Or do you mean transfer-wise there are no Warner dvds that compare to the three you listed?

I ain't frontin', I'm just curious.
What I'm saying is closer to the former than to the latter. My point being that Criterion didn't become 'Criterion' just because they spend a lot of time and energy on transfers and supplements, but also because their releases fill a niche in the DVD market that no other company can approach. I'd rather not waste time arguing the artistic merits of Citizen Kane vis a vis Rules of the Game (film is art, not a track meet), but I'm simply stating that by the definitions of their very existences, WB cannot do what Criterion does - WB releases WB films, some great, some not so great. That they are improving the quality of those releases is wonderful. On the other hand, beyond Criterion's existence as a company designed to turn a profit, it exists to release great works of world cinema, both classic and contemporary, that might otherwise fall through the cracks or be subjected to a shoddy, Fox/Lorber type treatment.

The two companies release the same product in a purely material sense, but otherwise they are worlds apart. You might as well compare John Ford and Robert Bresson - one a great commercial artist, the other an equally great, but decidedly non-commercial artist.
Old 03-01-05, 11:15 AM
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Originally Posted by Giles
Warner's will only be like Criterion to me when they get over the stink they have with Ken Russell's "The Devils" and release a two disc complete with commentaries, the BBC documentary "Hell on Earth" and every sort of film-related material.
...and Performance, Cruising, The Loved One, Point Blank, and many more films Criterion would probably be happy to release.
Old 03-01-05, 11:27 AM
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Originally Posted by wendersfan
Right, the "new" Criterion.

If so, where are the WB releases of M, Rules of the Game and Rashomon?
And will we be able to buy these for $2.65 like they will in China?????
Old 03-01-05, 11:43 AM
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Where are the Criterion releases of Singin in the Rain, Adventures of Robin Hood, Citizen Kane, and Out of the Past?

Eh. The Criterion Treatment isn't membership in some elite club. Yeah, they do choose their movies, but it isn't just because the films might otherwise slip through the cracks. Kurosawa would have gotten ignored otherwise? I don't think so. Armageddon, The Rock, and Silence of the Lambs were screaming for attention?

Additionally, Criterion has their share of non-anamorophic prints. I recall several years ago that this was a chronic complaint on this forum.

Rather, Criterion publishes what they can get the rights to. In practice, this tends to be independent films that don't have easy access to a studio DVD distribution system. They (now) do a great job with the transfers. They have found a market niche. Power to them. But it looks to me that this was more borne of necessity than some desire to be an exclusive line, given the presence of some big budget Hollywood schlock in Criterion's catalog.

But I don't see how any of this takes away what Warner's has done lately. Warners is giving great treatment to the jewels for which they have the rights. When Kaplan says "they are the new Criterion" he is clearly talking about the quality of the transfers. And in that he is right. Rather than knocking Warners, I think it makes more sense to praise them, and encourage other studios to follow suit.

Overall, however, I think studios are getting a clue. When I watch older releases in my collection, the number of non-anamorphic releases squeezed onto a single-layer disc with lots of extras, with poor transfers marred by edge enhancement, seems very common. For newer releases, I am surprised when I see any of those things to a significant extent.

What sets Warner's apart from many of the other studios seems mostly to be the quality of the prints on their classics. These things are incredibly pristine - in that respect they exceed Criterion, which tends to rely on restoration done by others. Not to knock Criterion - they sometimes don't have access to great prints. Warners has simply taken better care of an archive that it owns. Criterion, in contrast, is constrained by the quality of the prints available - I don't believe they do major restoration efforts themselves.
Old 03-01-05, 11:47 AM
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Dunno bout' the "new Criterion" but WB are the best of the majors.
Old 03-01-05, 11:48 AM
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Where's Grand Prix?
Old 03-01-05, 11:55 AM
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Originally Posted by TomMiller
Where are the Criterion releases of Singin in the Rain, Adventures of Robin Hood, Citizen Kane, and Out of the Past?
If no one else were willing to release them you can bet that Crierion would do a great job of it. Fortunately Warner did a great job themselves.
Eh. The Criterion Treatment isn't membership in some elite club. Yeah, they do choose their movies, but it isn't just because the films might otherwise slip through the cracks. Kurosawa would have gotten ignored otherwise? I don't think so.
The Seven Samurai and Rashomon would have gotten released, sure, but maybe not Ikiru or Red Beard. And look at the "great" releases we have of non-Criterion Kurosawa - Ran anyone? And how about someone like Ozu? No one else in R1 has bothered with his output save Criterion, a body of work that far surpasses that of Kurosawa's, IMO.
Additionally, Criterion has their share of non-anamorophic prints. I recall several years ago that this was a chronic complaint on this forum.
No one denies that, but this is no longer (we hope) an issue, and hasn't been for some time.
Rather, Criterion publishes what they can get the rights to. In practice, this tends to be independent films that don't have easy access to a studio DVD distribution system. They (now) do a great job with the transfers. They have found a market niche. Power to them. But it looks to me that this was more borne of necessity than some desire to be an exclusive line, given the presence of some big budget Hollywood schlock in Criterion's catalog.
Every (reputable) DVD production company publishes what they have the rights to, Criterion, WB, Wellspring, Columbia - all of them. WB could possibly have gotten the rights to L'Eclisse and released it - why didn't they? Because that's not what they do, it's what Criterion does, and that's my point. Criterion doesn't just release any old movie they can get rights for, they release specific types of films they can get the rights for.
Old 03-01-05, 12:13 PM
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wendersfan speaks the truth, criterion is a league of its own. Even IF another company released criterions movies (which wouldn't happen for 70% of them) they would not be as consistant in the quality department (most likely).

You can very easily match up a Warner dvd to a Criterion dvd and give a worthy argument for each. It's just in their own respective practice, Criterion's system of dvd releases and what they do for film fans stands apart from anyone.
Old 03-01-05, 12:28 PM
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Originally Posted by digitalfreaknyc
WB has a ton of snappers, full screen and single layer releases. That's not quality in my opinion. But I will say that the 2 disc editions are definitely a step in the right direction. And at least most of their discs are anamorphic. I have 3 that aren't.
You can't throw those older releases into the mix. That's not the point of the article or a valid counter-argument. PLUS, Criterion has had plenty of non-anamorphic releases and virtually extraless editions on it's own (many of which have NOT been updated). Even if we are talking about snappers...Criterion doesn't even use slim double keep cases! WB doesn't release in snapper anymore or even cardboard digipaks.

On top of that, you get a quality, loaded release for under $20. Even the 4D GWTW streeted at under $28.

Criterion will always have it's well-deserved place as a top DVD maker, but WB is on par and in my mind, has plenty of reasons to make it the best overall.
Old 03-01-05, 12:43 PM
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Criterion isn't unique. Kino, Anchor Bay, etc.

The studios publish their own catalogues, and are occasional distributers for smaller studios. Independently owned films don't have access to that system, so they go to one of many distributers who specialize in independent releases. There is no generalization about film selection you can make about Criterion that wouldn't also apply to a studio like Kino. Quality of releases? check. More obscure titles, that would otherwise be ignored by the majors? check.

Yes, I am sure if Warner's wasn't around, some other studio would have released Singin in the Rain and Gone with the Wind. But I am also sure some other studio would have released Seven Samurai and Third Man. Would another studio, other than Criterion, have released L'Eclisse? Don't know. But I also don't know if a studio other than Warner's would have released Gun Crazy or Little Caesar. Whether one set of films is better than another is a matter of taste. My hunch is that your tastes simply run more toward Criterion's catalog, so you regard the service they provide as more important.

That isn't the case with me. What sets Criterion apart for me is the quality of the discs for high quality films. In that respect, Criterion and Warner have a lot in common.
Old 03-01-05, 12:51 PM
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The more I think about it, the more it seems a matter of taste. If you like independent or foreign cinema, you are going to love what Criterion does. If you like classic Hollywood, you are going to love what Warners does. Me, I like both, but when it comes to more obscure titles, I do prefer Warner's films noir and gangster pictures to Criterion's arty and cult films. I would sadly miss my film noir collection, but I doubt I would shed a tear if every Antonioni film disappeared from the face of the earth.
Old 03-01-05, 12:57 PM
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"The Seven Samurai and Rashomon would have gotten released, sure, but maybe not Ikiru or Red Beard. And look at the "great" releases we have of non-Criterion Kurosawa - Ran anyone? "

This is partially a fair point. My Ran "masterworks edition" was very disappointing. But given that studios like Kino has distributed Dersu Uzala, a film far more obscure than Ikiru or Red Beard, I doubt either of those Criterion worthies would have been ignored.

I wonder if you asked Anchor Bay and Kino, whether they would complain that Criterio is monopolizing their market, and shutting them out from a lot of films they would otherwise love to distribute.
Old 03-01-05, 01:00 PM
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To be perfectly honest, I see not one special thing about a CC anymore. Other than it costs a great deal too much, the quality is nothing special - Warner for example can do just as good. Yeah, they release a bunch of stuff that no other studio is releasing. If they were not doing it though, someone else would (maybe not to the same quality level.) If they would get off this high pricing maybe more people would buy CC disc. I stopped along time ago and try to rent or borrow what I want to see that they release.

While CC is good, I really do not see them as the gold standard anymore. WB and everyone else though not consistently ahs figured out how to make quality DVD releases. Debating the merits of the film released was not the subject of this thread so don't start ripping on what gets released. Warner has a huge library so the will release what they own, why go looking for more stuff.
Old 03-01-05, 01:01 PM
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I was just thinking in terms of quantity, personally there's probably about the same number of releases from both companies that I love. Criterions done it a couple hundred times, Warner's done it maybe 30 times. I guess if we're taking output as of now, Warner can equal Criterion. They serve different purposes though. Either way, both great companies, and congrats to Warner's constant improvements.
Old 03-01-05, 01:02 PM
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Originally Posted by TomMiller
Criterion isn't unique. Kino, Anchor Bay, etc.

The studios publish their own catalogues, and are occasional distributers for smaller studios. Independently owned films don't have access to that system, so they go to one of many distributers who specialize in independent releases. There is no generalization about film selection you can make about Criterion that wouldn't also apply to a studio like Kino. Quality of releases? check. More obscure titles, that would otherwise be ignored by the majors? check.

Yes, I am sure if Warner's wasn't around, some other studio would have released Singin in the Rain and Gone with the Wind. But I am also sure some other studio would have released Seven Samurai and Third Man. Would another studio, other than Criterion, have released L'Eclisse? Don't know. But I also don't know if a studio other than Warner's would have released Gun Crazy or Little Caesar. Whether one set of films is better than another is a matter of taste. My hunch is that your tastes simply run more toward Criterion's catalog, so you regard the service they provide as more important.

That isn't the case with me. What sets Criterion apart for me is the quality of the discs for high quality films. In that respect, Criterion and Warner have a lot in common.
I would argue that Criterion is unique in their combination of their business model and the obsessive level of attention they pay to their product. Kino and Anchor Bay do a good job, while Criterion does a great job. There's a reason why you don't see many threads here with titles like "Post your Kino wishlist".

You'd be right to assume my tastes run more towards Criterion's catalogue, but in reality they don't. In fact, the DVD with the "highest rotation" in my player right now is Howard Hawks' Rio Bravo, a barebones release by none other than...WB! (And it's a snapper, too!) I admit that my DVD purchases trend heavily towards Criterion, along with non-R1 companies like Artificial Eye. But this is a conscious decision on my part to buy those movies that might otherwise be hard to find, and also, at least in a small part, to reward with my dollars the effort that companies like Criterion and Anchor Bay make to provide me with those choices.
Old 03-01-05, 01:32 PM
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Now if only WB would have no problem releasing Unrated or NC-17 films that would be a plus. That is why we still do not have Friedkin's "Cruising" and Russell's "The Devils".


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